Desfecho de ferida operatória em escoliose neuromuscular: curativos convencionais versus terapia por pressão negativa

Priscila Sales de Lima; Isadora Cristina de Oliveira  Yoneiama; Rebeca Sutto da Silva

Autores

Priscila Sales de Lima Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente – São Paulo (SP), Brasil. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8277-2644
Isadora Cristina de Oliveira Yoneiama Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente – São Paulo (SP), Brasil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0797-7837
Rebeca Sutto da Silva Associação de Assistência à Criança Deficiente – São Paulo (SP), Brasil. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3703-3537

Resumo

Objetivos Avaliar complicações de ferida operatória comparando coberturas convencionais e Terapia por Pressão Negativa (TPN) de manejo incisional, em cirurgias de coluna. Método: Estudo longitudinal, retrospectivo, exploratório, observacional, com abordagem quantitativa, composta por 50 pacientes de curativo convencional e 50 de TPN de manejo incisional, de 2017 a 2021. A coleta de dados analisou 25 variáveis, e testes estatísticos levaram em consideração um α bidirecional (p-valor) de 0,05 e um intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: A taxa de complicação foi de 37%, com maior incidência de exsudato e deiscência de pontos. Pacientes com curativo convencional apresentaram mais complicações durante internação (88,24%) do que os pacientes com TPN após alta (50%) (p=0,03); demais variáveis não apresentaram diferença estatística. A amostra controle teve maior frequência de infecção em um ano após o procedimento cirúrgico (14% no convencional e 12,24% na TPN). Conclusão: Pacientes com escoliose neuromuscular possuem altas taxas de complicação de ferida operatória. A TPN apresentou uma redução de infecção de ferida operatória e de alto volume de exsudato em comparação com a amostra de curativo convencional, porém sem diferença estatística. É necessário ampliar o número de pacientes da pesquisa para comprovar a eficácia e a superioridade da TPN de manejo incisional.

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