Entrenamiento del suelo pélvico y calidad de vida después de la prostatectomía: una revisión de alcance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30886/Resumen
Objetivo: Mapear la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los hombres sometidos a prostatectomía que realizan entrenamiento de los músculos del suelo pélvico. Método: Revisión de alcance realizada según las directrices del JBI y de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), registrada en Open Science Framework (OSF), con búsquedas sistemáticas en PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, LILACS y el repositorio JBI, además de literatura gris. Se incluyeron estudios, sin restricción de diseño o idioma, que evaluaron la calidad de vida mediante instrumentos validados. Resultados: Se incluyeron 17 estudios publicados entre 2008 y 2024. El entrenamiento, cuando se aplicó en el período preoperatorio y/o postoperatorio, mostró beneficios en la recuperación de la continencia urinaria, la función sexual y la salud mental, lo que se reflejó en una mejora de la calidad de vida, especialmente cuando se inició de forma temprana. Los instrumentos más utilizados para la evaluación fueron International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Short Form, King's Health Questionnaire, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite for Clinical Practice e Incontinence Quality of Life Instrument. Conclusión: El entrenamiento se presenta como una intervención prometedora para mitigar los efectos adversos de la prostatectomía sobre la calidad de vida, siendo necesaria la estandarización metodológica y el desarrollo de protocolos consistentes que permitan la reproducibilidad y amplíen la aplicabilidad clínica.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Thalia Alves Chagas Menezes, Manuela, Abilio, José Mateus Pires, Kemyson, Marcelo
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
