Nutritional profile of patients with pressure injuries in a university hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30886/Abstract
Objective: To assess the nutritional profile of patients with pressure injuries admitted to a university hospital. Method: Quantitative, cross-sectional, observational, descriptive, field, and analytical study conducted from January to October 2024 with patients admitted to a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro. To assess nutritional status, data were collected from the medical records of adult and older patients admitted to the intensive care unit and inpatient units of a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro. The inclusion criteria were: patients with pressure injuries, admission to the intensive care unit or an adult inpatient unit, and age ≥20 years. Exclusion criteria were pediatric patients and patients with chronic wounds of other etiologies. Results: The study included 32 patients with pressure injuries, of whom 56% were female and 74% were older adults (≥60 years). According to body mass index classification, 22% were underweight, 19% had normal weight, and 19% had obesity; however, when the nutritional risk assessment instrument was applied, 81.8% were found to be at nutritional risk. Among the patients analyzed, 46.9% had a stage II sacral pressure injury, and 81.8% were at nutritional risk according to Nutritional Risk Screening (2002). Median C-reactive protein and hemoglobin levels were 85.30 mg/dL and 9.25 g/dL, respectively, indicating inflammation and anemia in the study group. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a high nutritional risk and a high potential for inflammation and anemia among patients with pressure injuries admitted to a university hospital, which may worsen the pressure injury, prolong hospitalization, and/or adversely affect other patient outcomes.
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